Posts Tagged ‘Dr Gene Sherman’

A Coming Together of Disparate Forces: Career Lessons from Dr Gene Sherman

Monday, October 18th, 2010

Kim Goodwin

The career journey of Dr Gene Sherman is now familiar to those with even a passing interest in the Australian Arts Landscape. First migrating to Australia at age 18 from South Africa, she and her family returned to South Africa after only nine months in Melbourne. The Sherman family then travelled to England before returning to Australia to establish a home in Sydney. This migration, plus extensive travel, has engendered a truly global mindset within Dr Sherman and her whole family.

Professionally, Dr Sherman spent 17 years in academia, firstly completing a masters by thesis and then a doctorate in French literature at the University of Sydney, before commencing teaching there. Following this she joined Sydney’s prestigious Ascham Girl’s School in the role of head of languages.

Sherman Galleries, originally run by Celia Winter-Irving and named the Irving Sculpture Gallery, opened in 1981.  In the mid-1980s, as Australia’s attention started to drift towards Asia, Dr Sherman joined the gallery and began shifting the focus from contemporary Australian and International sculpture, to that of art from the Australian-Pacific region. In 1989 the gallery moved from its original location near the University of Sydney to Paddington, and thirteen years later it consolidated two Paddington premises into one enhanced exhibiting space in Goodhope Street. In 2007 the Sherman Galleries closed and was reborn as the Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation (SCAF), a Sherman family philanthropic enterprise dedicated to the public exhibition of significant contemporary art from Australia and the Asia-Pacific region. SCAF has four key aims as illustrated in the mission statement:

1. To exhibit significant works by innovative and influential artists from Asia, the Pacific and Australia, providing a space that can house works not always suited to private galleries,

2. To publish texts communicating to broad audiences including both the art industry and educational sectors,

3. To develop educational programs in association with the projects, illustrated by the launch Contemporary Art for Contemporary Kids, a partnership with Queensland Art Gallery’s Children’s Art Centre, commencing October 6th,

4. To continue to develop SVAR (Sherman Visual Arts Residency) a program for international artists considering short, medium and longer term exploratory trips to Australia, particularly to Sydney.

On Friday 24th September COFA announced that Dr Sherman and her husband Brian will gift $2 million towards the new COFA Gallery.  This generous donation will contribute to the construction of two new purpose built galleries, the first to be known as the Sherman Gallery and the second named in memory of Nick Waterlow, former curator of COFA’s Ivan Dougherty Gallery, who died last year.

This brief summary of Dr Sherman’s experience and the progression to the Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation does not begin to touch on the leadership and educational role she has had within the Australian arts and academic community, from the sponsorship of scholarships, to contribution to publications such as the recently published The Modern Woman’s Anthology (2010), to guest lecturer and philanthropist. Not to mention her donation of contemporary Japanese fashion to the Powerhouse Museum.

Given her incredible life experience, Dr Sherman can provide remarkable guidance to those interested in a career in the creative industries. What follows are some of the key themes and life lessons she has learnt to date.

Plan, prepare and be organised

‘If you don’t plan ahead, create templates and stick to the templates, then things go awry.  Life being what it is sometimes, this is what they do.’

A constant in Dr Sherman’s life is her focus on planning and preparation, often over considerable periods of time. She commenced the planning process, with the support of her husband Brian, nine years prior to the launch of the Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation.

As a mother with two young children and undertaking a doctorate, organisation and planning was paramount. Dr Sherman dedicated eight years to her masters and PHD, and at every stage she had a five-year plan, one year, six-month, monthly, weekly and daily plan.

But what happened if circumstances interrupted her ability to complete her daily plan? She would set her alarm for the middle of the night, get up and completed her allocated tasks.

It was a combination of strict adherence to her templates, accompanied by a regular review process that saw her consistently achieve long-term goals that would leave many of us struggling.

Capitalise on your strengths and the strengths of those around you

‘I’m both an educationalist and an on going learner.  Every day I learn things consciously and subconsciously, and when somebody tells me something I find interesting, I try to learn something from it.’

Throughout her career Dr Sherman has built on her learning progressively, ensuring that she takes every new experience and consolidates it with existing knowledge. Her career at Sydney University gave her the teaching skills to take to Ascham.  Her leadership experience at Ascham was then drawn upon as she made the move into gallery management.

Dr Sherman speaks openly about her passion for learning every day, and it is this, along with her ability to communicate and build relationships that form the foundation of her success.

We are never alone in developing our skills and achieving our goals. Dr Sherman describes her mother-in-law as her ‘secret weapon’ in her ability to achieve such a mammoth task as simultaneously raising a young family, working and completing a doctorate. She never hesitates in recognising the support she has received from her family, both her mother in law who lived with the family for 10 years, but also her husband Brian who played a crucial business-mentoring role throughout her career. Her achievements are their achievements.

Like many successful people, she has cultivated guides and mentors along the way. While her husband coached her in the financial and business side of running a gallery, it was William Wright AM who joined the already established Sherman Galleries in 1992 as curatorial director, who Dr Sherman cites as being a key mentor and guide in the art world. Over time their role as mentors may diminish, but Dr Sherman always maintains and values these relationships.

Mix the creative, the educational and the business

‘Cross pollination is so important.  I was a university academic for many years, for 11 years I taught in a University. So of course when I came into the gallery world, I was an example of the cross pollination and in a way it was very natural to me.’

We often surround ourselves by like-minded people, and despite the increased flexibility in the modern employment market, most do tend to have linear career paths within the same, or similar industry. There are significant advantages, however, by building bridges between industries and this is something Dr Sherman has succeeded in doing on many occasions.

She has made a conscious effort throughout her career to bring the arts industry and educational institutions closer together.  She speaks of her surprise when organizing a crate exhibition in the mid 1990s where she found many of the academics that attended had never seen a crate in which art is transported. It was then she realized those on the academic side of industry had very little practical experience. Over the past 20 years Dr Sherman has sought to bridge the gap between the practical and the academic elements of the arts industry to enable maximum opportunity for all.  Clearly the Sherman’s most recent contribution to COFA demonstrates the value with which they hold relationships with the arts education sector.

Dr Sherman has also demonstrated the considerable benefits of mixing business expertise with artistic knowledge. Creative people who can ground themselves with the fundamentals of business theory will be at a distinct advantage. While this does not necessitate the completion of a Masters of Business Administration, of forming long lasting relationship with individuals in the business world who can share knowledge and provide support when called upon.

Read the external environment

‘I never saw the world as confined to one set of ideas, or one set of practices.  You couldn’t if you had my background.’

The ability to understand and benefit from global trends has been a factor in the success of Sherman Galleries. Dr Sherman’s skill in identifying Australia’s shift toward Asia in the cultural, political, economic and artistic arena led the Sherman Galleries to be one of the first to specialise in Asian art. This then paved the way for art spaces such as 4A and White Rabbit.

Dr Sherman provides three lessons to determine success in this area.  Firstly developing and listening to intuition, and in her case it was her father who played the role of visionary. At age six her father told her two pearls of wisdom, to be recalled 57 years later, that women could do anything and that the next century would be the Asian century. As Australia has recently transitioned from our first Mandarin speaking Prime Minister to our first female Prime Minister, clearly Dr Sherman’s father was correct on both counts.

The second lesson is to be a global citizen. Dr Sherman grew up in a family that spoke five languages collectively, and her passion for travel and study of European and Asian cultures is well documented. While many families are global in nature today, this was a more unusual circumstance in the mid-1950s. Dr Sherman has always understood this knowledge of other cultures as a strength to be nurtured and built upon.

Finally, to understand your environment you must foster intellectual curiosity. There is not a day that goes by where Dr Sherman doesn’t extend her knowledge through reading. Not just reading for professional development, but reading widely and broadly across any subject that catches her interest. Prior to beginning her extensive travel to Japan, Dr Sherman chose to read Japanese literature translated into English for two years.

Dedication

‘It comes naturally to me, I have to work at doing it, but I don’t have to work at thinking I’m going to do it, it’s my nature plus my training.’

The last lesson we can gain from Dr Sherman’s experience is probably the one of most importance; that of applying dedication to everything you do.

It is clear from every anecdote Dr Sherman shares, she has never waivered in her dedication to achieve whatever goals she has set herself, whether that be six years completing a doctorate or nine years in transitioning the commercial gallery into the contemporary art foundation. She applies that dedication even to her fashion choices, for 25 years she wore only three Japanese fashion designers.  Not a single other thing.

The underlying theme from listening to Dr Sherman is passion. Dr Sherman describes herself as a coming together of passion and pleasure, a combination of disparate forces, the artistic, the academic, the business, the cultural, some would say it’s a perfect storm. Whatever endeavor she has directed herself toward, she has done so with passion. This is the lesson we can all learn from.

Would You Call This “Social Sculpture?”-Fairytale Art Event Documenta 2007

Monday, October 18th, 2010

Xi Fu

Ai Weiwei

TEMPLATE-1, 001 Ming and Qing dynasty wooden window frames and doors

Dimensions unknown

2007

Installation view, Documenta 12

Courtesy and copyright of the artist

http://www.aiweiwei.com

Ai Weiwei’s artistic output, based on the formulation of ideas, is interwoven with his political thinking and illuminates for the audience the internal struggles China currently faces, as well as deep human concerns.’- Gene Sherman, Chairman, Executive Director of the SCAF

Ai Weiwei is one of the most innovative artists of the contemporary art scene. Widely regarded as an agent provocateur, Ai chooses art as a means through which to express his disdain for the political pressures of a system condemning society to cultural improvement in China. His work outrages conservative traditionalists as he questions the role of culture and its historical and ideological nature (Alnertini, 2008). Until he discovered the works of Marcel Duchamp, he had no idea that art could be a lifestyle, which brought an instant end to the struggle with the form of painting. Ai decided that painting was “a dead-end form of expression” and devoted his energies to create sculptural assemblage, which he constructed using objects appropriated from daily life (Smith, 2007). In recent years much has been made of the apparent tendency towards the neo-Dadaist gesture in Ai’s approach.

Fairytale

In thinking through the conceptual potentiality of the ‘Readymade,’ underpinned by the nation that art practice is but the administration of things, Ai Weiwei expands the concept to such a degree that he reinvents it. Fairytale, specifically made for the art event Documenta 12 2007, could best be explained as a type of performance or happening. It was conceived as three interlocking projects that extend the critical engagement with concept of China not only in its conception of China as a physical construct but as a constructed identity, in which reply to the three leitmotifs of the exhibition, ‘Is modernity our antiquity’, ‘What is bare life?’ and ‘What is to be done?’ he displayed a characteristic desire to work outside conventional art forms and create a work with ordinary people at its heart (Close, 2008).

Ai cheerfully showed his guests a quotation by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, the pioneering Russian space theorist, printed on one of the first pages of the introduction for the project:

First inevitably comes the idea, the fantasy, the fairy tale. Then scientific calculation. Ultimately, fulfillment crowns the dream (Ammer, 2007).

These words condensed the whole process, conceived as an artwork itself, of the large- scale, multi-faceted project about ‘possibility and imagination.’

Project 1-1,001 Chinese visitors

The first project was the invitation of 1,001 Chinese travelling to Kassel free of any costs (Appendix 1). It involved exploring what it means to be Chinese beyond the physical limits of place. Most of these participants were selected because they would never have otherwise had the opportunity to travel overseas and were chosen in a relatively random manner as an open invitation published on Ai’s blog.

In terms of size and concept, Fairytale is the biggest and the most multilayered work ever developed by Ai, and one of the most ambitious projects ever presented in the history of Documenta (Smith, 2009). A part of the project included living individuals visiting the small town of Kassel. The travelers, whose ages range from 2 to 70, come from dissimilar social classes and have dissimilar occupations and life styles. Because of the support the sponsors allowed a 3.1 million Euro budget, Ai was able to initiate an enormous process with several different aspects such as the planning of the tourist and educational activities, the location of suitable infrastructures, the creation of proper living and sanitary conditions, the design of utensils and furniture, the recruiting of personnel (cooks, video makers etc.), the processing of visa applications and travel insurance, in which every stage of the processes required overseeing by Ai and his FAKE team.

Ai states, ‘I see the whole process as the work itself. I see what kind of hopes, what kind of worries, what kind of frustrations… and waiting and anticipating. Many people said that it is already a miracle for them, it is already a fairytale’ (Colonnello, 2007).

The 1,001 Chinese travelers were in Documenta as tourists, viewers and as part of the artworks. One of the topics stressed in Fairytale is the person as a single individual and their individual experience within the context of their lives as citizens of a Communist country where the importance of the individual is lost to the dominance of the State. The choice of 1,001 participants was significant, not simply because of the logistical involving that number of people. Ai discussed the decision to invite 1,001 people to take part in the work:

The choice is due to the fact that what we really want to emphasize is “1” not “1,001”. Each participant is a single person, and that’s why our logo is “1=1000” that means that in the project 1,001 is not represented by one project, but by 1,001 projects, as each individual will have his or her independent experience (Colonnello, 2007).

That is, the person sees him or herself as an individual rather than as a collective or undifferentiated part of a mass, a not insignificant concept given the recent past of China. Each participant was asked to fill out 99 questions and was filmed on occasion from the preparatory stage through to their returns to China. This becomes a very foreign experience in anyone’s personal life, which will help each participant to think differently:

Against the backdrop of a totalitarian past and massive social changes, China is particularly in need of an exchange not based on institutions but rather on the individual (Ammer, 2007).

Project 2-1,001 Ming and Qing dynasty chairs

The second project was the installation of 1,001 late Ming and Qing dynasty chairs in clusters across the different exhibition venues (Appendix 2). The chairs echoed Ai’s past use of ‘Readymade,’ but their connection with the 1,001 Chinese participants added a more personal resonance to the way in which the objects were received. Able to be moved around and used by the public, the chairs provided an individual and collective place for people who came from all over the world for dialogue and exchange. Ai Weiwei’s Fairytale had staged a massive encounter between totally different cultures, each confronting the other and the unknown, in a context that was both familiar and strange.

Ai states, ‘I think that past and future, these two realities which are both internal and external to each person, are all integrated in very different forms and possibilities that make each individual unique. (Colonnello, 2007)’

Project 3-TEMPLATE-1, 001 Ming and Qing dynasty wooden window frames and doors

The third project, TEMPLATE, was composed of 1,001 late Ming and Qing dynasty wooden window frames and doors, which formerly belonged to destroyed houses from areas all over China, where entire ancient townships and villages had been destroyed (Appendix 3).

In many of the works discussed so far, the materials used in their construction have been identified as recycled elements of the past. Things that are no longer of use themselves, and that would otherwise be cast aside or thrown away.

Ai explains, ‘the materials I use comes from objects destroyed in the name of development, or would be used by antique dealers to make copies of antique future. (Colonnello, 2007)’

The artists recovered these pieces and, joining together five layers per side, formed an open vertical structure with an eight-pointed base, creating in its centre the volume of a traditional Chinese temple. The work had been exhibited in the courtyard of the greenhouse designed by Lacaton and Vassel also known as the ‘Crystal Palace,’ a temporary building erected ad hoc for Documenta 12. Ai bought the last fragments of that civilization and relocated them in a completely contemporary setting. Ai (2007) explains, ‘It really is a mixed, troubled, questioning context that protest for its own identity.’ Once counted, the pieces of which the Template is made up of surprisingly turned out to be exactly tantamount to 1001, a coincidence that Ai Weiwei finds significant (Smith, 2009). While standing in the middle of Template, the viewer is surrounded by a space that is fictional, abstract and ethereal.

Ai states, ‘I’m not religious, to me the temple itself means a station where you can think about the past and future, it’s a void space. The selected area, not the material temple itself, tells you that the real physical temple is not there, but constructed through the leftovers of the past (Colonnello, 2007).’

Constructed around a void, the structure becomes an empty shell, a void as in the spaces of ‘provisional landscapes’. The void is the disappearance of the civilizations from which the fragments were taken in the process of China redefining itself. Salvaging the leftovers of the past is not about the preservation of relics, or sufficient to construct something self-sustaining. Whatever meaning they had no longer exists.

Ironically, TEMPLATE as a structure collapsed under heavy weather conditions some days after its inauguration (Smith, 2009). This is the condition of time, a condition of temporality that governs everything and therefore offers no guarantee as to what will come after. One can only create the conditions of possibility through the actualisations that reveal the material force of its being. These actualisations are what is given at the time but they contain, nonetheless, a potentiality or virtuality which is yet to be determined. This then is the freedom of the work itself, and in turn the freedom of its audience.

Post-project

The significant impact Fairytale made on the lives of the participants was the outstanding success of the work for Ai. By providing the 1,001 participants with the opportunity to travel overseas, Ai enabled them to be exposed to foreign culture and ideas, many for the first time. They were also able to experience a new world of ideas and possibilities that they would take with them on their return to China. In this way the impact of project continues to resonate for participants long after the event itself is over.

Ai explains, ‘It’s like a dream; they said it’s affected their lives and the way they look at the world…I really think a new awareness has been added to their lives (Colonnello, 2007).’

While Fairytale has been discussed as a modern mobilizing of the masses, directly reflecting the socio-cultural climate in China, the mass unity associated with socialism and its lingering impact on China’s social structure and strata, the communists’ emphasis on the group above the individual, restrictions of personal freedoms as well as the ‘reconnecting’ of China with the international community. For Ai, the intervention was emphatically aimed at the 1,001 individuals. Kassel is the home of the Brothers Grimm, hence Ai’s choice of title, which alludes to the unleashing of the imagination that makes fairytales so beloved by children (Merewether, C, 2008). 1,001 people sounds like a big group, but the impact of even visiting Kassel could only be understood at an individual level. Only of its results in a force for change, personal experience is the foundation for social change. Ai explains:

Everyone responds differently. I wanted to give the participants an opportunity to be conscious of that, to learn something about their imaginations and differentiations (Colonnello, 2007).’

Taking a cue from Warhol’s charge that ‘actually you have to change (things) yourself,’ this notion of art as a ‘force for change’ is the meridian running through Ai’s practice, uniting the form it takes, the materials it deploys and the diversity of activities it embraces (Smith, 2007). As a body of work, his art is emblematic changes, which again manifests in the diverse range of his practice as well as in the ambitions that drive the work and the scale of individual projects. All such opportunities are potential means of furthering the process of change.

Bibliography

Alnertini, C., Avaters and Antiheroes-A guide to Contemporary Chinese artists, Kodansha International, 2008.

Ammer, M., ‘Ai Weiwei: Fairytale performance,’ in Roder M Buergel (ed), Documenta Kassell, Taschen, Cologne, 16/06-23/09, 2007, p. 208.

Colonnello, N.’An interview with Ai Weiwei,’ Artzine, accessed 21 November 2007, <http://new.artzinechina.com>.

Colonnello, N., 1=1000, 2007, <“http://www.artnet.de/magazine/isa/features/colonnello08-10-07.asp”>.

Close, G., Ai Weiwei:Under Construction-Education Resource Kit, Campbelltown Arts Centre, Sydney, 2008.

Exhibition catalogue, Documenta Kassel, Taschen, Cologne, 16/06-12/09/2007, p. 356.

Merewether, C., Ai Weiwei:Under Construction, Univeristy of New South Wales in association with Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation and Campbelltown Arts Centre, Sydney, 2008.

Smith, K., AI WEIWEI. In: the real thing. Contemporary art in China, Abrame, New York, 2007, p. 39.

Smith, K. et al, AI WEIWEI, PHAIDON, 2009.